Ar-Razzaq

The root. Ar-Razzaq comes from r-z-q, the root behind rizq, provision or sustenance — everything a living thing needs to continue living, not only food but the fuller sense of what is allotted to a person over a lifetime. Ar-Razzaq is built on the intensive faʿʿāl pattern, the same shape as Al-Ghaffar and Al-Wahhab, describing provision given continuously and repeatedly rather than as a single, isolated act.

What it means here. Ar-Razzaq names Allah as the one who provides for every living thing, without exception, at every renewed moment its life depends on that provision continuing. Beside Al-Wahhab, the name just before it, the two are close but distinguishable: Al-Wahhab is gift as pure, unprompted grace, while Ar-Razzaq is provision specifically bound to sustaining ongoing need — the recurring supply of what life cannot do without, given whether or not it is asked for.

Where it is met. Ar-Razzaq is stated directly in one verse of Surah Adh-Dhariyat, where Allah is named as the Provider, possessor of strength, the Firm — a verse frequently quoted in discussions of provision and trust in Allah's sustaining care. It appears in a small number of other surahs as well.